A recent study published in Environmental Science & Technology has raised concerns about the potential health risks associated with spending time inside our cars. Researchers from Duke University and the Green Science Policy Institute found that the air inside car cabins may be contaminated with flame retardant chemicals, some of which are suspected carcinogens (cancer-causing agents).
Flame Retardants: Keeping Us Safe or Putting Us at Risk?
Flame retardants are chemicals added to various materials, including car seat foam, to slow down the spread of fire. While they play a crucial role in fire safety, some flame retardants have been linked to various health problems, including:
- Cancer: The study identified a specific flame retardant called tris(1-chloro-isopropyl) phosphate (TCIPP) in 99% of the tested cars. TCIPP is currently under investigation by the U.S. National Toxicology Program as a potential carcinogen. The study also found traces of TDCIPP and TCEP, two other flame retardants classified as probable human carcinogens.
- Neurological issues: Exposure to certain flame retardants has been linked to developmental problems, learning disabilities, and memory impairment.
- Hormone disruption: Some flame retardants can interfere with the body’s hormonal system, potentially impacting fertility and thyroid function.
How Are We Exposed to Carcinogens in Cars?
The study suggests that car seat foam is the primary source of these flame retardant chemicals in car cabins. Over time, these chemicals can break down and become airborne, particularly when exposed to high temperatures. This means that spending time in your car, especially during hot weather, could increase your exposure to these potentially harmful substances.
Factors Affecting Exposure
- Car Model and Age: Newer cars (model year 2015 and later) were found to have higher levels of flame retardants compared to older models. This may be due to changes in flame retardant regulations and the use of alternative chemicals.
- Temperature: The study found a significant correlation between higher temperatures and increased levels of airborne flame retardants. Parking your car in shade and avoiding leaving it in direct sunlight during hot days can help reduce exposure.
- Ventilation: Opening car windows and using the air conditioning can help to circulate fresh air and reduce the concentration of airborne contaminants.
Are there Ways to Reduce Your Exposure?
While it’s impossible to completely eliminate exposure to flame retardants in cars, there are steps you can take to minimize the risk:
- Minimize travel time in hot weather: If possible, try to reduce the amount of time you spend in your car during very hot days.
- Park in shade: Whenever possible, park your car in a shaded area to minimize heat exposure and the off-gasing of chemicals.
- Open windows and use air conditioning: When driving, open car windows to allow fresh air circulation. Utilize the air conditioning system to filter and cool the cabin air.
- Consider car seat covers: Look for car seat covers made from natural materials that may not contain flame retardants. However, always prioritize safety and ensure any car seat cover you choose meets safety standards.
The Need for Further Research
This study highlights the need for further research into the health effects of flame retardants and the development of safer alternatives. Consumers can also play a role by advocating for stricter regulations on the use of flame retardants in car interiors.
Staying Informed and Making Informed Choices
By understanding the potential health risks associated with car cabin air and taking steps to minimize exposure, we can make informed choices to protect ourselves and our families.